World War II • Manhattan Project • August 1945

Hiroshima-Nagasaki

An interactive geospatial exploration of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. Reconstructs the hypocenters, comparative weapon yields, and concentric damage blast radii across the Japanese urban landscape.

2 Atomic Weapons
36 KT Combined Yield (15 + 21)
~214,000 Fatalities by End of 1945
3 Tiers Concentric Blast Zones

Target Hypocenters & Peace Memorials

4 Locations • Hiroshima & Nagasaki, Japan
OPERATION CENTERBOARD • MANHATTAN PROJECT

The Atomic Bombings of Japan (August 1945)

In August 1945, during the closing days of World War II, the United States dropped two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These operations, developed under the secretive Manhattan Project, marked the first and only instances of nuclear weapons used in warfare.

On August 6 at 08:15 JST, the B-29 bomber Enola Gay released Little Boy over Hiroshima's flat river delta, killing an estimated 140,000 residents by December 1945. Three days later, on August 9 at 11:02 JST, the B-29 Bockscar released Fat Man over Nagasaki's Urakami Valley, killing another 74,000. On August 15, Emperor Hirohito announced Japan's unconditional surrender, formally ending the Second World War.

Hiroshima: The Delta Firestorm: Because Hiroshima was situated on flat terrain, the 15-kiloton detonation initiated a massive thermal firestorm that consumed 4.4 square miles (11 km²) within hours.
Nagasaki: The Valley Confinement: The 21-kiloton Fat Man exploded with greater energy than Little Boy, but the surrounding hills of the Urakami basin contained the lateral shockwave, sparing downtown Nagasaki.
Concentric Blast Damage Tiers: Zone A (0–1.2 km) produced total annihilation; Zone B (1–2.2 km) created fatal burns and firestorms; Zone C (2–3.2 km) inflicted widespread thermal burns and acute radiation exposure.
The Dawn of the Atomic Age: The bombings precipitated the immediate conclusion of WWII and inaugurated the Cold War nuclear arms race, fundamentally altering international geopolitics.
Hiroshima (Little Boy) 15 Kilotons
Shima Hospital (near Aioi Bridge) (580 m (1,900 ft) airburst)

First nuclear weapon deployed in armed conflict. Detonated 580 meters directly above Shima Hospital, triggering a catastrophic blast wave and massive firestorm that engulfed 11 km² of the city.

Fired a hollow subcritical uranium-235 projectile into a target cylinder. Only approximately 1.4% of the 64 kg payload underwent nuclear fission. Ground temperature reached 3,000°C–4,000°C within milliseconds.

Zone A (0–1.0 km)
100% of structures demolished or incinerated; instant vaporization at epicenter.
90–100% fatality rate; ground temp 3,000°C+
Zone B (1.0–2.0 km)
Severe structural destruction; thousands of fires merged into an uncontrollable firestorm.
Approx. 50% mortality rate; severe thermal burns
Zone C (2.0–3.0 km)
Heavy flying glass hazards, residential roofs collapsed, intense flash heat.
Widespread third-degree burns, blindness, acute radiation syndrome
Delivery: B-29 Superfortress Enola Gay
Date & Time: August 6, 1945 • 08:15 JST
Nagasaki (Fat Man) 21 Kilotons
Matsuyama-machi (Urakami Basin) (503 m (1,650 ft) airburst)

Second wartime atomic detonation. Diverted from secondary target Kokura due to smoke cover, the plutonium weapon exploded over the Urakami industrial valley, devastating factories and residential districts.

Utilized a 6.2 kg delta-phase plutonium core surrounded by high-explosive lenses generating symmetrical inward shockwaves. The steep surrounding Urakami mountains channeled the shockwave north-south while partially shielding the historic harbor.

Zone A (0–1.2 km)
Complete obliteration; Urakami Cathedral and Mitsubishi arms plants leveled.
100% fatalities at ground zero; catastrophic fireball
Zone B (1.2–2.2 km)
Reinforced steel framing buckled, timber residences collapsed and burnt.
High mortality; fatal flash burns and blast trauma
Zone C (2.2–3.2 km)
Shattered windows and plaster damage across hillside terraces.
Severe secondary burns, acute ionizing radiation sickness
Delivery: B-29 Superfortress Bockscar
Date & Time: August 9, 1945 • 11:02 JST
Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome) UNESCO World Heritage Site
Hiroshima, Japan (6 m above sea level)

Located only 160 meters from the hypocenter, the former Prefectural Industrial Promotion Hall was one of the few structures whose vertical brick skeleton withstood the downward blast. Preserved as a monument to international peace.

Coordinates: 34.3928° N, 132.4526° E
Designation: UNESCO World Heritage Site
Nagasaki Ground Zero Cenotaph & Peace Park National Memorial Park
Nagasaki, Japan (14 m above sea level)

A quiet park marking the exact hypocenter where the plutonium bomb burst overhead. Features the black granite cenotaph, the iconic 10-meter Peace Statue, and remnants of the destroyed Urakami Cathedral.

Coordinates: 32.7738° N, 129.8631° E
Designation: National Memorial Park
Zone A (0–1.2 km): Total destruction • 90–100% fatalities
Zone B (1.0–2.2 km): Structural collapse • Severe firestorms
Zone C (2.0–3.2 km): Thermal flash burns • Radiation sickness
Peace Landmarks: Genbaku Dome • Peace Cenotaph
Click any hypocenter marker or card above to fly camera • Concentric blast rings rendered.